The 2024 United States presidential election will be the 60th quadrennial

presidential election A presidential election is the election of any head of state whose official title is President. Elections by country Albania The president of Albania is elected by the Assembly of Albania who are elected by the Albanian public. Chile The pre ...

, scheduled for Tuesday, November 5, 2024. It will be the first presidential election after electoral votes were redistributed during the 2020 census

reapportionment Apportionment is the process by which seats in a legislative body are distributed among administrative divisions, such as states or parties, entitled to representation. This page presents the general principles and issues related to apportionme ...

cycle. The incumbent, President Joe Biden stated in January 2022 his intent to run for reelection, with Vice President

Kamala Harris Kamala Devi Harris ( ; born October 20, 1964) is an American politician and attorney who is the 49th vice president of the United States. She is the first female vice president and the highest-ranking female official in U.S. history, as well ...

as his running mate. As of , Biden has not yet committed to a reelection campaign. After repeatedly suggesting he would run, former president

Donald Trump Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who served as the 45th president of the United States from 2017 to 2021. Trump graduated from the Wharton School of the University of Pe ...

announced his candidacy for president for a second, nonconsecutive term on November 15, 2022. In the United States, general elections follow

caucus A caucus is a meeting of supporters or members of a specific political party or movement. The exact definition varies between different countries and political cultures. The term originated in the United States, where it can refer to a meeting ...

es and

primary election Primary elections, or direct primary are a voting process by which voters can indicate their preference for their party's candidate, or a candidate in general, in an upcoming general election, local election, or by-election. Depending on the ...

s held by the major parties to determine their nominees. The winner of the 2024 presidential election is scheduled to be

inaugurated In government and politics, inauguration is the process of swearing a person into office and thus making that person the incumbent. Such an inauguration commonly occurs through a formal ceremony or special event, which may also include an inaugu ...

on January 20, 2025.

Background

Procedure

Article Two of the

United States Constitution The Constitution of the United States is the Supremacy Clause, supreme law of the United States, United States of America. It superseded the Articles of Confederation, the nation's first constitution, in 1789. Originally comprising seven ar ...

states that for a person to serve as president, the individual must be a

natural-born citizen of the United States A natural-born-citizen clause, if present in the constitution of a country, requires that its president or vice president be a natural born citizen. The constitutions of a number of countries contain such a clause, but there is no universally ac ...

, be at least 35 years old, and have been a United States resident for at least 14 years. Candidates for the presidency typically seek the nomination of one of the various political parties of the United States, which is awarded through a process such as a

. The primary elections are usually

indirect election An indirect election or ''hierarchical voting'' is an election in which voters do not choose directly among candidates or parties for an office (direct voting system), but elect people who in turn choose candidates or parties. It is one of the old ...

s where voters cast ballots for a slate of party delegates pledged to a particular candidate. The party's delegates then officially nominate a candidate to run on the party's behalf. The presidential nominee typically chooses a vice presidential

running mate A running mate is a person running together with another person on a joint Ticket (election), ticket during an election. The term is most often used in reference to the person in the subordinate position (such as the vice presidential candidate ...

to form that party's

ticket Ticket or tickets may refer to: Slips of paper * Lottery ticket * Parking ticket, a ticket confirming that the parking fee was paid (and the time of the parking start) * Toll ticket, a slip of paper used to indicate where vehicles entered a tol ...

, which is then ratified by the delegates at the party's convention. Similarly, the general election in November is also an indirect election, in which voters cast ballots for a slate of members of the Electoral College; these electors then directly elect the president and vice president. If no candidate receives the minimum 270 electoral votes needed to win the election, a

contingent election In the United States, a contingent election is used to elect the president or vice president if no candidate receives a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed. A presidential contingent election is decided by a special vote of th ...

will be held in which the

House of Representatives House of Representatives is the name of legislative bodies in many countries and sub-national entitles. In many countries, the House of Representatives is the lower house of a bicameral legislature, with the corresponding upper house often c ...

will select the president from the three candidates who received the most electoral votes (this last happened in 1825), and the

Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

will select the vice president from the candidates who received the two highest totals (this last happened in 1837). The presidential election will occur simultaneously with House of Representatives elections, Senate elections, and various state and local-level elections.

Effects of the 2020 census

The election has been the subject of attention by analysts and commentators, as it will be the first U.S. presidential election to occur after the

of votes in the

United States Electoral College The United States Electoral College is the group of presidential electors required by the Constitution to form every four years for the sole purpose of appointing the president and vice president. Each state and the District of Columbia appo ...

, which will follow the

2020 United States census The United States census of 2020 was the twenty-fourth decennial United States census. Census Day, the reference day used for the census, was April 1, 2020. Other than a pilot study during the 2000 census, this was the first U.S. census to of ...

. This realignment of electoral college votes will remain through the 2028 election. Reapportionment will be conducted again after the 2030 United States census.

Candidate eligibility

Section 1 of

Article Two of the United States Constitution Article Two of the United States Constitution establishes the executive branch of the federal government, which carries out and enforces federal laws. Article Two vests the power of the executive branch in the office of the president of the Unite ...

specifies that the president must be at least 35 years of age, a natural-born US citizen, and been a resident of the US for 14 years. The Twenty-second Amendment forbids any former presidents from being elected president more than twice. Both incumbent president Biden and former president

are eligible to seek a second term. If Trump is elected, he would become the first president since

Grover Cleveland Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837June 24, 1908) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 22nd and 24th president of the United States from 1885 to 1889 and from 1893 to 1897. Cleveland is the only president in American ...

1892 Events January–March * January 1 – Ellis Island begins accommodating immigrants to the United States. * February 1 - The historic Enterprise Bar and Grill was established in Rico, Colorado. * February 27 – Rudolf Diesel applies for ...

to win a second non-consecutive term.

Potential campaign issues

Economy

As of October 17, 2022, a

New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid d ...

/ Sienna College poll shows Americans are most concerned about the state of the economy and the rate of inflation, and 49% of likely voters intend to vote for Republicans and 45% for Democrats in the 2022 congressional elections. The percentage of voters who consider the economy the most important issue increased to 44%, from 36% in July.

COVID-19 pandemic

The

COVID-19 pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identif ...

left behind significant economic effects which could persist into the 2024 presidential election. The high visibility

governor A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...

s received during their responses to the pandemic has been viewed as having given them a boost in possible 2024 contention, in contrast to the significant advantage senators have had in recent cycles.

Abortion

The''

Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization ''Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization'', , is a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the court held that the Constitution of the United States does not confer a right to abortion. The court's decision overruled both ''R ...

'' decision in June 2022, which overturned the 1973''

Roe v. Wade ''Roe v. Wade'', 410 U.S. 113 (1973),. was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that the Constitution of the United States conferred the right to have an abortion. The decision struck down many federal and st ...

'' decision and permitted U.S. states to fully ban abortion for the first time in nearly 50 years, has made abortion a more significant issue. In the 2024 election, the topic of abortion is expected to play a role in the Republican primary. Potential candidates are divided on the matter, with former Vice President Mike Pence supporting a nationwide ban on abortion, whereas other potential candidates have struck a less aggressive tone and suggested that the matter should remain the decision of state governments.

Crime

As of December 2022, rising criminal activity and gun violence in the United States, gun violence has put a stress on communities, law enforcement and political parties. The 2024 field is projected to respond to rising crime rates differently on partisan lines. President Biden has advocated for an Assault weapons legislation in the United States, assault weapons ban, as well as federal funding to train and deploy more police.

Election process

Donald Trump did not concede defeat to Joe Biden in the 2020 presidential election, citing unsubstantiated claims of voter fraud. Republican officials in the Trump administration and in Congress have supported Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election, attempts to overturn the election. Trump continues to deny the results of the election . Both Biden and Trump have indicated that they intend to run for president in 2024, suggesting a potential rematch of the 2020 election, which would be the first rematch since the 1956 United States Presidential Election, 1956 election. Concerns have been raised by election security experts that officials who deny the legitimacy of the 2020 presidential election may attempt to impede the voting process or refuse to certify election results. In the 2022 United States elections, the majority of Republican candidates in five battleground states falsely claimed or implied that the 2020 presidential election was illegitimate. Election legitimacy was a major political issue during the 2022 elections, and it is credited for unexpectedly strong Democratic performance that year. According to the

, by November 9, nearly 200 Big_lie#Donald_Trump's_false_claims_of_a_stolen_election, 'election deniers' had been elected to office. In August 2022, Ali Alexander, who organized one of the many rallies preceding the January 6 United States Capitol attack, stated that he would be returning to the Capitol building in 2025 'for whatever the Congress certifies.'

Democratic Party

Incumbent president Joe Biden has consistently stated that he plans to run for re-election and keep vice president

as his running mate. However, he has yet to officially declare his candidacy. During late 2021, as Biden was suffering from low approval ratings, there was speculation that he would not seek re-election, and some prominent Democrats have publicly urged Biden not to run. In addition to Biden's unpopularity, many are concerned about his age; he was List of presidents of the United States by age, the oldest person to assume the office at age 78 and would be 82 at the end of his first term. If re-elected, he would be 86 at the end of his second term. There has also been speculation that Biden may face a primary challenge from a member of the Factions in the Democratic Party (United States)#Modern Progressive wing, Democratic Party's progressive faction. However, Biden's approval rating slowly recovered throughout 2022, climbing from the low 30s to the high 40s. Additionally, after Democrats outperformed expectations in the 2022 United States elections, 2022 midterm elections, many believed the chances that Biden would run for and win his party's nomination had increased. If Biden is not the nominee in 2024, it will be the first election since 1968 United States presidential election, 1968 in which an eligible incumbent president was not the eventual nominee of their party after Lyndon B. Johnson, and if he chooses not to seek re-election, it will be the first election since 1928 United States presidential election, 1928 in which an eligible incumbent president I do not choose to run, did not seek re-election after Calvin Coolidge.

Republican Party

was defeated by Biden in 2020 and is currently eligible to run again in 2024. Currently he is seeking to become the second president to serve two non-consecutive terms, after only

(who did so by winning the 1892 United States presidential election). and is now considered an early frontrunner for the Republican presidential nomination after his 2024 announcement on November 15, 2022. However, there are multiple factors working against Trump: the United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack public hearings, hearings held by the United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack have damaged public opinion towards him, Florida Governor of Florida, Governor Ron DeSantis raised more campaign funds in the first half of 2022, and in 2022 the FBI search of Mar-a-Lago, FBI searched Trump's estate at Mar-a-Lago. Trump announced in March 2022 that if he runs for re-election and wins the Republican presidential nomination, his former vice president Mike Pence will not be his running mate. If Trump runs against President Biden again, it will be the first presidential rematch since 1956 after Dwight D. Eisenhower successfully ran for reelection against Adlai Stevenson II; and if Trump wins, he will be the first person to lose a presidential election and then win a rematch of that election since

in 1892. The last president to run after leaving office was Theodore Roosevelt, who chose not to run in 1908 before coming in second in 1912 as the presidential nominee of the Progressive Party (United States, 1912), Progressive Party, although Herbert Hoover briefly sought the Republican presidential nomination at several national conventions subsequent to leaving office in 1933. Trump filed a statement of candidacy with the Federal Election Commission on November 15, 2022, and announced Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaign, his candidacy in a speech at Mar-a-Lago the same day.

Declared candidates

Libertarian Party

Declared

the following individuals have declared their intent to run for president. * Mike ter Maat, economist, police officer for the Hallandale Beach Police Department, and nominee for Florida's 20th congressional district, FL-20 in 2022 Florida's 20th congressional district special election, 2022

Formed exploratory committee

the following individuals have announced exploratory committees to look into running for president within the previous six months. * Chase Oliver, chair of the Atlanta Libertarian Party and nominee for U.S. Senate in Georgia in 2022 United States Senate election in Georgia, 2022

Independents, other third parties, or party unknown

Candidates

Declared intent to run

the following individuals have declared their intent to run for president. * Afroman, rapper * Kanye West, rapper and candidate for president in 2020

Potential candidates

* Tulsi Gabbard, former United States Representative from Hawaii's 2nd congressional district (2013–2021) and Democratic candidate for president in 2020

Declined to be candidates

* Mark Cuban, investor and entrepreneur * Dwayne Johnson, actor and businessman * Kyrsten Sinema, United States Senator from Arizona (2019–present), United States Representative from Arizona's 9th congressional district, AZ-09 (2013–2019), Member of the Arizona Senate (2011–2012), Member of the Arizona House of Representatives (2005–2011)

Vice presidential speculation

Rapper Kanye West has claimed on Twitter that he has talked with Trump about being his running mate for 2024. West has not said if Trump has accepted or declined his offer, and Trump has not responded to these claims from West.

General election opinion polling

;Biden vs. Trump ; Aggregate polls ;Biden vs. Trump vs. Andrew Yang ;Biden vs. Trump vs. Matthew McConaughey ;Biden vs. Trump with Liz Cheney as an independent ;Biden vs. Ron DeSantis ; Aggregate polls ;Biden vs. DeSantis with Trump as an independent ;Biden vs. Ted Cruz ; Biden vs. Nikki Haley ;Biden vs. Mitt Romney ;Biden vs. Mike Pence ;Biden vs. Liz Cheney ;Biden vs. Chris Christie ;Biden vs. Tom Cotton ;Biden vs. Josh Hawley ;Biden vs. Larry Hogan ;Biden vs. Kristi Noem ;Biden vs. Mike Pompeo ;Biden vs. Marco Rubio ;Biden vs. Rick Scott ;Biden vs. Tim Scott ;Biden vs. generic Republican ;Kamala Harris vs. Donald Trump ;Kamala Harris vs. Ron DeSantis ;Kamala Harris vs. Mike Pence ;Kamala Harris vs. Mike Pompeo ;Kamala Harris vs. Tim Scott ;Pete Buttigieg vs. Donald Trump ;Hillary Clinton vs. Donald Trump ;Bernie Sanders vs. Donald Trump ;Phil Murphy vs. Donald Trump ;Gavin Newsom vs. Donald Trump ;Gavin Newsom vs. Ron DeSantis ;Jerome Segal vs. Donald Trump ;Mark Cuban vs. Elon Musk

Timeline

Notes

References

{{Authority control 2024 United States presidential election, November 2024 events in the United States, United States presidential election, 2024